Rezgésdiagnosztikai vizsgálatok a Tatabányai Erőműben

Benye, Botond (2022) Rezgésdiagnosztikai vizsgálatok a Tatabányai Erőműben. UNSPECIFIED thesis, UNSPECIFIED.

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Abstract

Summary Vibration diagnostics, as it has been described in my thesis, is a special branch of engineering diagnostics that deals with the measurement and evaluation of the vibration response of equipment for dynamic forces. These vibrations can be generated during operation of the equipment or in a stationary position, moreover externally due to a forced excitation. The diagnostics itself can be used to check the functionality and operability of machinery and can be used to identify faults in certain parts of the equipment. It is therefore particularly important to ensure the operation of high economic value equipment (turbinegenerator), but also for other power plant equipment. The most elementary and first step in diagnostics is the regular measurement of broadband vibration levels. In the case of turbine-generator sets the measurement belongs to one of the basic protection measures. Depending on the design, bearing and/or shaft vibration measurements are required continuously. The broadband levels must always be compared with the levels given in the standards or by the manufacturers, and if the limit is exceeded, the turbine protection has to be activated and the machine shut down to prevent possible damage. Although some diagnostic conclusions can be drawn from broadband level measurement, a deeper understanding of the forces and structural integrity within the machinery is essential to introduce condition-based maintenance. Spectrum analysis, performed at regular intervals, is the most commonly used and the first failure analysis method for turbine-generator sets. The method is highly effective, but of course it has its limitations. Even the continuous spectrum analysis cannot always give an accurate fault diagnosis with 100% certainty. It is difficult to clearly identify faults due to balance, shaft line, curved shaft, cracked shaft and loosening, especially when they are present together at some level. In the case of turbine-generator machine groups, it is of utmost importance to analyse the dynamic behaviour of the machines on a regular basis, i.e. to perform multi-channel simultaneous shaft vibration measurements of machine starts and run-outs. The instrumentation to carry out such measurements at the level of the permanent monitoring system is extremely expensive and therefore not always justified. It is, however, justified to perform these measurements before and after repairs and in case of vibration increase or uncertainty in the results obtained by spectrum analysis. The above-mentioned technique can also be used with portable measuring systems to clearly diagnose changes in equilibrium, rotor curvature, weakening and loosening of supports, increase in bearing clearance, any distortion of the shaft line and deviation from the ideal, and cracking of rotors. In summary, it can be concluded that vibration diagnostic measurements and checks contribute greatly to extend the service life of the turbine-generator used in the power plant, and to be more efficient, to be conducive to faster repair and to its maintenance. Furthermore, a significant reduction in maintenance costs is achieved by timely detection and correction of faults. Equally important from an economic point of view is the longterm, reliable operation, which enables the continuous operation of energy and heat supplies, moreover it deserves our serious attention because of the national economy

Item Type:	Thesis (UNSPECIFIED)
Additional Information:	Gépészmérnöki szak - Karbantartás szakirány
Uncontrolled Keywords:	erőmű, rezgésdiagnosztika, forgógépek
Divisions:	Műszaki Intézet
Depositing User:	Gergely Beregi
Date Deposited:	23 Apr 2024 13:27
Last Modified:	23 Apr 2024 13:27
URI:	http://szakdolgozat.repo.uniduna.hu/id/eprint/677

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